Math

Partial Derivative Calculator

Numeric partial derivatives of multivariable functions at a point, including gradients.

Enter your values

Enter the function f(x, y, z) you are working with.

Enter the x = you are working with.

Enter the y = you are working with.

Enter the z = (optional) you are working with.

Results update instantly as you type — no submit needed. Your values are remembered on this device, and the shareable link reopens the calculator with exactly these numbers.

Results
f at the point
2.909297
∂f/∂x
3.167706
∂f/∂y
0.583853
∂f/∂z
0
Gradient ∇f
(3.1677, 0.5839, 0)
∂²f/∂x²
0.36281
∂²f/∂y²
-0.9093

Working

  1. 1Hold every variable except one constant.
  2. 2Differentiate with respect to the remaining variable (done here with a high-accuracy central difference).
  3. 3Collect the partials into the gradient vector ∇f.

Quick answer

A partial derivative measures how a multivariable function changes when one variable moves and the others stay fixed. This calculator returns ∂f/∂x, ∂f/∂y and ∂f/∂z at a chosen point plus the gradient vector.

∂f/∂x = lim h→0 [f(x+h, y) − f(x, y)] / h

At a glance

What it doesNumeric partial derivatives of multivariable functions at a point, including gradients.
CategoryMath
Inputs neededFunction f(x, y, z), x =, y =, z = (optional)
Main outputf at the point
Formula∂f/∂x = lim h→0 [f(x+h, y) − f(x, y)] / h
CostFree — no sign-up, no download

How to use the Partial Derivative Calculator

  1. 1Type the function using x, y and z.
  2. 2Set the point where you want the derivative.
  3. 3Read ∂f/∂x, ∂f/∂y, ∂f/∂z and the gradient.

Inputs explained

Function f(x, y, z)
Enter the function f(x, y, z) you are working with.
x =
Enter the x = you are working with.
y =
Enter the y = you are working with.
z = (optional)
Enter the z = (optional) you are working with.

Worked example

Using the values the calculator loads with:

Inputs

  • Function f(x, y, z)x^2*y + sin(x*y)
  • x =1
  • y =2
  • z = (optional)0

Results

  • f at the point2.909297
  • ∂f/∂x3.167706
  • ∂f/∂y0.583853
  • ∂f/∂z0
  • Gradient ∇f(3.1677, 0.5839, 0)
  • ∂²f/∂x²0.36281
  • ∂²f/∂y²-0.9093
  1. Hold every variable except one constant.
  2. Differentiate with respect to the remaining variable (done here with a high-accuracy central difference).
  3. Collect the partials into the gradient vector ∇f.

Frequently asked questions

What is a partial derivative?

It is the rate of change of a multivariable function with respect to one variable while all other variables are held constant.

How do you find the gradient?

Collect the partial derivatives into a vector: ∇f = (∂f/∂x, ∂f/∂y, ∂f/∂z). The gradient points in the direction of steepest increase.

Is the result exact?

Values are computed numerically with a central-difference scheme, accurate to roughly 6 significant digits for smooth functions.

What do I need to enter into the Partial Derivative Calculator?

Just 4 values: function f(x, y, z), x =, y =, z = (optional). Every field starts with a realistic example, so you can change one number at a time and watch the result update instantly.

How does the Partial Derivative Calculator work out the answer?

A partial derivative measures how a multivariable function changes when one variable moves and the others stay fixed. This calculator returns ∂f/∂x, ∂f/∂y and ∂f/∂z at a chosen point plus the gradient vector. It applies the formula ∂f/∂x = lim h→0 [f(x+h, y) − f(x, y)] / h and shows the working so you can check each step by hand.

Results are estimates for general information. For medical, legal, structural or financial decisions, confirm with a qualified professional.