Science

Voltage Drop Calculator

Check whether a cable run is too long for the load.

Enter your values

Results update instantly as you type — no submit needed.

Results
Voltage drop
4.764 V
Percent drop
3.97%
Voltage at the load
115.24 V
Within 3% recommendation?
No — use a thicker wire or shorten the run

Quick answer

Voltage drop is 2 × length × current × resistance per foot for a DC or single-phase run; keep it under 3% of supply voltage.

Vdrop = 2 × L × I × R/ft

How to use the Voltage Drop Calculator

  1. 1Enter supply voltage and load current.
  2. 2Enter the one-way cable length.
  3. 3Pick the wire gauge and check the percent drop.

Frequently asked questions

Why 3%?

The NEC recommends a maximum 3% drop on branch circuits and 5% total, so equipment receives adequate voltage.

Does aluminium differ?

Yes — aluminium has about 60% more resistance, so you generally go up two wire sizes for the same run.