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Calculation Machine

Momentum Calculator

Momentum, impulse and force.

Reviewed by the Calculation Machine team · How we check our maths

Your values

ⓘ Live results

Results
Momentum
18000 kg·m/s
Change in momentum (impulse)
-18000 N·s
Average force
-45000 N
Kinetic energy
135000 J
Deceleration
-37.5 m/s²

Quick answer

Momentum is mass times velocity; changing it requires an impulse equal to force times time.

The formula

p = mv, J = Δp = FΔt

Worked example

Worked example

Using the values the calculator loads with.

Inputs

  • Mass1200 kg
  • Velocity15 m/s
  • Final velocity0 m/s
  • Collision time0.4 s

Result

  • Momentum18000 kg·m/s
  • Change in momentum (impulse)-18000 N·s
  • Average force-45000 N
  • Kinetic energy135000 J
  • Deceleration-37.5 m/s²

How to use the Momentum Calculator

  1. 1Enter mass in kilograms.
  2. 2Enter initial and final velocity in m/s.
  3. 3Enter the time over which the change happens.

Frequently asked questions

Is momentum conserved?

Yes, in any closed system with no external force.

Why do airbags help?

They extend collision time, cutting average force for the same momentum change.

About this calculator